Impact of Amblyopia on Visual Attention and Visual Search in Children

Abstract

Amblyopia is defined by decreased vision in one or both eyes. Specifically, it is vision loss in either eye which is not correctable by refraction or due to pathology. A visual acuity of worse than 6/9 after standard correction is classified as amblyopia, while a difference of one line between the two eyes indicates amblyopia in the poorer seeing eye (Ref). However, this reduction results from abnormal visual development during early childhood (Hu et al., 2022). It can occur when the amblyopic eye does not receive adequate visual stimulation, resulting in a breakdown of the brain-eye connection (Wallace et al., 2011). It is also defined as failing to improve visual abilities even with full correction. However, if amblyopia is not diagnosed and treated early, it is one of the most common causes of vision impairment in children (Bradfield, 2013).

The first step to understanding amblyopia is to define it by its types, classifications, and causes. Amblyopia may be classified into several types, such as anisometropia, strabismus, deprivation, and refractive amblyopia (Wallace et al., 2018). Describe here anisometropia amblyopia, strabismus amblyopia, deprivation, and refractive amblyopia.